Under the CrPC, which section defines “bailable offence”? a) Section 2(g) b) Section 2(24) c) Section 2(22) d) Section 2(5) Answer: b) Section 2(24)
The term “public servant” in the CrPC is defined under which section? a) Section 2(d) b) Section 2(h) c) Section 2(c) d) Section 2(b) Answer: a) Section 2(d)
“Cognizable offence” means an offence for which: a) A police officer may arrest without a warrant. b) A court can issue a summons only. c) Investigation must be carried out only after a magistrate’s order. d) The offence is non-compoundable. Answer: a) A police officer may arrest without a warrant.
Which section of CrPC provides for the power to issue a warrant for arrest? a) Section 151 b) Section 41 c) Section 70 d) Section 57 Answer: b) Section 41
“Compoundable offence” in CrPC means an offence which can be: a) Tried summarily. b) Settled between the parties by compromise. c) Punished with death. d) Tried by a sessions court only. Answer: b) Settled between the parties by compromise.
2. Arrest
Under CrPC, the police may arrest without a warrant any person suspected of a cognizable offence if: a) There is sufficient evidence in writing. b) The person is likely to escape. c) The offence is compoundable. d) The person voluntarily surrenders. Answer: b) The person is likely to escape.
Section 41 of CrPC deals with the power to arrest without a warrant. Which of the following is NOT a condition under Section 41? a) When the person has been proclaimed a proclaimed offender. b) When the person is likely to abscond. c) When the person is involved in non-cognizable offences. d) When the person is suspected of having committed a cognizable offence. Answer: c) When the person is involved in non-cognizable offences.
During arrest, the police must inform the person of which of the following? a) Their right to counsel and the nature of the accusation. b) The evidence available against them. c) The names of all witnesses. d) The likely sentence if convicted. Answer: a) Their right to counsel and the nature of the accusation.
Which section of CrPC requires that an arrested person must be presented before a magistrate within 24 hours? a) Section 53 b) Section 57 c) Section 54 d) Section 55 Answer: c) Section 54
In the context of arrest, “custody” under CrPC refers to: a) Physical detention by the police. b) The period until bail is granted. c) The period during which a person remains in judicial or police custody. d) Both a) and c) Answer: d) Both a) and c)
3. Bail
Which section of CrPC primarily deals with the grant of bail in non-bailable offences? a) Section 436 b) Section 437 c) Section 438 d) Section 439 Answer: b) Section 437
Under Section 437, bail may be refused when: a) The offence is compoundable. b) There is a likelihood of the accused tampering with evidence. c) The offence is non-cognizable. d) The accused has already been convicted in a previous trial. Answer: b) There is a likelihood of the accused tampering with evidence.
Bail granted under CrPC is: a) An absolute right in all cases. b) A discretionary grant subject to conditions. c) Unconditional for all bailable offences. d) Automatically valid for all offences. Answer: b) A discretionary grant subject to conditions.
Which section empowers the High Court to grant bail in all cases? a) Section 439 b) Section 437 c) Section 438 d) Section 440 Answer: a) Section 439
In bail applications, a court may impose which of the following conditions? a) The accused must surrender his passport. b) The accused must not communicate with co-accused. c) The accused must appear for all court proceedings. d) All of the above. Answer: d) All of the above.
4. Investigation
The power to investigate cognizable offences under CrPC is primarily given to: a) The Sessions Court. b) The District Magistrate. c) The Police. d) The Public Prosecutor. Answer: c) The Police
Which section of CrPC empowers the police to search and seize property in connection with an investigation? a) Section 102 b) Section 93 c) Section 165 d) Section 107 Answer: a) Section 102
During the investigation, the police are required to prepare a report called: a) Charge-sheet b) Final Report c) Investigation Report d) First Information Report (FIR) Answer: d) First Information Report (FIR)
The FIR must be registered within how many hours of receiving information about the offence? a) 6 hours b) 12 hours c) Immediately, without unreasonable delay d) 24 hours Answer: c) Immediately, without unreasonable delay
Which of the following is NOT a duty of the investigating officer under CrPC? a) To record statements of witnesses b) To prepare a final report c) To independently decide on the guilt of the accused d) To collect evidence Answer: c) To independently decide on the guilt of the accused
5. Charge and Trial
The charge framing process in a trial is initiated in which of the following courts? a) Magistrate’s Court b) Sessions Court c) High Court d) Both a) and b) Answer: d) Both a) and b)
Under CrPC, the accused is presumed to be: a) Guilty until proven innocent b) Innocent until proven guilty c) Neither innocent nor guilty until trial d) Only liable if caught red-handed Answer: b) Innocent until proven guilty
Which section of CrPC deals with the procedure for framing charges? a) Section 203 b) Section 211 c) Section 228 d) Section 224 Answer: a) Section 203
During trial, examination of witnesses by the opposite party is known as: a) Cross-examination b) Re-examination c) Direct examination d) Leading examination Answer: a) Cross-examination
A “plea of guilty” by the accused is taken in which stage of the trial? a) At the stage of framing charges b) During the final argument c) During the evidence stage d) At the time of sentence pronouncement Answer: a) At the stage of framing charges
6. Role and Powers of Magistrates
Which section confers powers on a magistrate to conduct preliminary inquiries? a) Section 167 b) Section 190 c) Section 194 d) Section 198 Answer: b) Section 190
Magistrates under CrPC are responsible for: a) Framing charges b) Granting bail in certain cases c) Conducting preliminary inquiries d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
In a summary trial, the magistrate’s power is limited by which of the following? a) The requirement to record evidence b) The inability to award sentence beyond six months of imprisonment c) The inability to summon witnesses d) Both a) and b) Answer: b) The inability to award sentence beyond six months of imprisonment
Under CrPC, the preliminary inquiry by a magistrate in a cognizable offence is conducted under: a) Section 173 b) Section 190 c) Section 202 d) Section 207 Answer: b) Section 190
Which of the following is NOT a power of a magistrate under CrPC? a) To order search and seizure b) To grant anticipatory bail c) To decide on evidence admissibility d) To try all offences in camera Answer: d) To try all offences in camera
7. Charge-sheet and Final Report
After the investigation is complete, the police file a report called: a) Charge-sheet b) Final report c) Investigation diary d) Case diary Answer: a) Charge-sheet
The charge-sheet is filed under which section of the CrPC? a) Section 173 b) Section 174 c) Section 175 d) Section 176 Answer: a) Section 173
If the investigating officer finds insufficient evidence, he may file a closure report under: a) Section 190 b) Section 173(8) c) Section 174 d) Section 177 Answer: b) Section 173(8)
Which of the following statements is true regarding the charge-sheet? a) It is a public document available to all parties. b) It is a confidential report meant only for the judge. c) It is only used in non-cognizable offences. d) It is optional and not required for all investigations. Answer: a) It is a public document available to all parties (subject to certain conditions and with redactions as required by law).
The accused is entitled to a copy of the charge-sheet as per which principle? a) Right to a fair trial b) Right to speedy trial c) Right to confront one’s accuser d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
8. Summoning and Witnesses
Which section of CrPC deals with the power of the court to summon witnesses? a) Section 132 b) Section 134 c) Section 135 d) Section 137 Answer: a) Section 132
A witness who refuses to answer questions may be: a) Punished under CrPC b) Compelled to answer by a court order c) Dismissed from the case d) Immediately arrested Answer: b) Compelled to answer by a court order
Under CrPC, which of the following can a court do regarding hostile witnesses? a) Call for re-examination b) Disregard their testimony entirely c) Replace them with expert witnesses d) None of the above Answer: a) Call for re-examination
The concept of “examination in chief” refers to: a) Cross-examination of the witness b) Initial questioning of the witness by the party who called them c) The judge questioning the witness d) An informal discussion with the witness Answer: b) Initial questioning of the witness by the party who called them
The power to compel attendance of witnesses is granted under: a) Section 133 b) Section 134 c) Section 135 d) Section 136 Answer: a) Section 133
9. Evidence and Admissibility
Under CrPC, which of the following is true regarding oral evidence? a) It is inadmissible unless corroborated by documentary evidence. b) It is admissible subject to cross-examination. c) It is considered inferior to documentary evidence. d) It is not allowed in summary trials. Answer: b) It is admissible subject to cross-examination.
Which of the following best describes “confession” under CrPC? a) A confession must be made in the presence of a magistrate to be admissible. b) A confession made to a friend is admissible. c) A confession is never admissible in court. d) A confession made to a police officer is automatically admissible. Answer: a) A confession must be made in the presence of a magistrate to be admissible (see Section 161 and Section 164).
Which section of CrPC deals with the re-investigation of a case by a competent authority? a) Section 190 b) Section 207 c) Section 227 d) Section 229 Answer: c) Section 227
Under CrPC, what is the purpose of the “record of evidence” maintained by the court? a) It ensures that all testimonies are permanently recorded for appellate review. b) It is a draft version of the final charge-sheet. c) It is used solely for administrative purposes. d) It is kept secret from the accused. Answer: a) It ensures that all testimonies are permanently recorded for appellate review.
In cases where evidence is obtained unlawfully, the court may: a) Admit it if it supports the prosecution’s case. b) Exclude it under the doctrine of “fruit of the poisonous tree.” c) Allow it but reduce its weight. d) Forward the matter for a separate inquiry. Answer: b) Exclude it under the doctrine of “fruit of the poisonous tree.”
10. Trial Procedures
In a summary trial, the trial is conducted by: a) A judge of a Sessions Court b) A judicial magistrate c) A civil court judge d) A special tribunal Answer: b) A judicial magistrate
The “plea in abatement” is used to: a) Challenge the jurisdiction of the court b) Delay the trial c) Admit partial guilt d) Request a change of venue Answer: a) Challenge the jurisdiction of the court
Which of the following stages is NOT part of the trial process under CrPC? a) Framing of charges b) Recording of evidence c) Sentencing d) Pre-arrest inquiry Answer: d) Pre-arrest inquiry
During the trial, if a witness is absent, the court may: a) Proceed without any evidence b) Issue a warrant for the witness’s attendance c) Postpone the trial indefinitely d) Replace the witness with another Answer: b) Issue a warrant for the witness’s attendance
Which of the following statements about the judgment in a CrPC trial is correct? a) It must be delivered immediately after the trial. b) It is announced in open court after all evidence is recorded. c) It is sent to the higher court for approval before being read. d) It is delivered only in written form without any oral declaration. Answer: b) It is announced in open court after all evidence is recorded.
11. Appeals and Revisions
An appeal against a conviction under CrPC is generally made to which court? a) The Sessions Court b) The High Court c) The Supreme Court d) The District Court Answer: b) The High Court
Under CrPC, revision proceedings may be initiated by: a) The accused only b) The prosecution only c) A superior court to examine the legality of a decision d) Any party affected by the judgment Answer: c) A superior court to examine the legality of a decision
The power of revision in a criminal case is conferred under which section of CrPC? a) Section 482 b) Section 475 c) Section 483 d) Section 485 Answer: a) Section 482
Which of the following is NOT a ground for appealing a criminal conviction under CrPC? a) Misinterpretation of evidence b) Procedural irregularity c) Inadequate defense counsel chosen by the accused d) Excessive sentence Answer: c) Inadequate defense counsel chosen by the accused
A revision petition under CrPC is usually filed before: a) The trial court b) The appellate court c) The High Court d) The Supreme Court directly Answer: c) The High Court
12. Special Provisions and Miscellaneous
Under CrPC, anticipatory bail is provided for in: a) Section 438 b) Section 439 c) Section 440 d) Section 437 Answer: a) Section 438
Which section of CrPC deals with the procedure for conducting in-camera trials? a) Section 327 b) Section 329 c) Section 331 d) Section 335 Answer: b) Section 329
In the context of CrPC, “transfer of cases” from one court to another is governed by: a) Section 406 b) Section 406A c) Section 407 d) Section 407A Answer: a) Section 406
Under CrPC, a “summons” is issued to: a) Call a person for evidence or to appear before a court b) Arrest a person immediately c) Serve a notice for bail d) Commence a search operation Answer: a) Call a person for evidence or to appear before a court
The procedure for conducting an “ex-parte” trial in criminal matters under CrPC is provided in: a) Section 235 b) Section 236 c) Section 237 d) Section 238 Answer: a) Section 235
13. Arrest and Detention Nuances
Under CrPC, if an arrested person is not produced before a magistrate within the stipulated time, the arrest is deemed: a) Illegal b) Unlawful c) A violation of the person’s rights d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
Section 57 of CrPC deals with: a) The release of a person on bail b) The procedure following arrest c) The procedure for the remand of the accused d) The detention of a person in police custody Answer: d) The detention of a person in police custody
Which of the following is a mandatory requirement during an arrest as per CrPC? a) Producing the arrest warrant in court immediately b) Informing the person of the grounds of arrest c) Searching the person thoroughly d) Notifying the family members Answer: b) Informing the person of the grounds of arrest
Under CrPC, if an accused is released on bail, the court may impose conditions to ensure: a) The accused does not tamper with evidence b) The accused appears for trial c) The accused does not commit further offences d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
If the police fail to follow due procedure in making an arrest, the evidence obtained may be: a) Readmitted if corroborated b) Excluded by the court c) Admissible if in public interest d) Forwarded for further investigation Answer: b) Excluded by the court
14. Investigation and Forensic Procedures
Which section of CrPC authorizes the police to use modern forensic techniques for evidence collection? a) Section 102 b) Section 107 c) Section 160 d) Section 161 Answer: c) Section 160 Note: While the CrPC does not explicitly detail forensic techniques, Section 160 empowers police to investigate and examine the scene, under which modern techniques are encompassed.
A “post-mortem” in cases of unnatural death is ordered under the provisions of: a) CrPC Section 174 b) CrPC Section 175 c) The relevant state laws and guidelines, though initiated under the CrPC investigation process d) CrPC Section 176 Answer: c) The relevant state laws and guidelines, though initiated under the CrPC investigation process
The use of polygraph tests or narco-analysis in the investigation is governed by: a) Specific guidelines separate from CrPC b) CrPC Section 161 c) CrPC Section 164 d) CrPC Section 173 Answer: a) Specific guidelines separate from CrPC
During an investigation, if additional evidence is found after the charge-sheet is filed, the police may: a) Amend the charge-sheet b) File a supplementary charge-sheet c) Wait until trial for admission of new evidence d) Discard the new evidence Answer: b) File a supplementary charge-sheet
The investigation under CrPC is considered “complete” when: a) A charge-sheet is filed b) All possible evidence has been collected c) The magistrate is satisfied with the inquiry d) The accused confesses Answer: a) A charge-sheet is filed
15. Special Trials and Proceedings
In cases of repeat offences, the CrPC provides for: a) Summary trials in the same manner as first offences b) Special caution during bail and investigation c) The imposition of preventive detention d) Expedited trial processes Answer: b) Special caution during bail and investigation
Which of the following is an example of a “special court” as envisaged by certain amendments in criminal procedure? a) Family Court b) Fast-track court c) Consumer Court d) Civil Court Answer: b) Fast-track court
The procedure for trials in cases involving offences against children may include: a) In-camera proceedings b) Presence of a child psychologist c) Modified examination procedures d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
For cases involving mass offences, the CrPC allows for: a) Separate trial benches b) Consolidated trials c) Postponement of proceedings d) Use of video conferencing exclusively Answer: b) Consolidated trials
In a “plea bargain” scenario under CrPC, the accused: a) Admits guilt in exchange for leniency b) Is forced to plead guilty c) Can negotiate the evidence presented d) Has no such option under CrPC Answer: d) Has no such option under CrPC Note: While plea bargaining is discussed in various legal reforms, it is not an established procedure under the CrPC.
16. Rights of the Accused and Safeguards
Which article of the Indian Constitution reinforces the principle that an accused is presumed innocent? a) Article 21 b) Article 14 c) Article 19 d) Article 22 Answer: a) Article 21 Note: Article 21 guarantees the right to life and personal liberty, which is interpreted to include fair trial guarantees.
Under CrPC, the accused has the right to: a) Consult a legal practitioner b) Be informed of the grounds of arrest c) Cross-examine prosecution witnesses d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
If an accused feels that the procedure followed is illegal, he may file: a) A revision petition b) A habeas corpus petition c) An appeal directly in the High Court d) A writ petition under Article 32 Answer: b) A habeas corpus petition
The CrPC requires that any confession by the accused must be: a) Voluntary and recorded in the presence of a magistrate b) Recorded by the police only c) Videotaped irrespective of presence of a magistrate d) Verified by two independent officers Answer: a) Voluntary and recorded in the presence of a magistrate
Which safeguard ensures that the police do not detain a person indefinitely? a) The requirement to produce the arrested person before a magistrate within 24 hours b) The right to legal aid c) The public prosecutor’s oversight d) The mandatory involvement of the High Court Answer: a) The requirement to produce the arrested person before a magistrate within 24 hours
17. Review and Revision of Proceedings
Under CrPC, which section empowers a court to call for the record of any stage of a proceeding for review? a) Section 482 b) Section 396 c) Section 419 d) Section 374 Answer: b) Section 396
Re-opening of investigation by a higher authority is generally allowed if: a) New evidence is discovered b) The investigation was found to be flawed c) The accused files an application d) Both a) and b) Answer: d) Both a) and b)
A revision petition under CrPC can be filed on the grounds of: a) Judicial error or illegal exercise of power b) Mere dissatisfaction with the judgment c) Change in the political environment d) Delay in trial Answer: a) Judicial error or illegal exercise of power
Which of the following is true about “interlocutory appeals” under CrPC? a) They are appeals against interim orders b) They can delay the trial process c) They are not allowed under any circumstances d) They can only be filed after conviction Answer: a) They are appeals against interim orders
The power to call for records of proceedings in any stage of a criminal trial is designed to ensure: a) Transparency and fairness b) Efficiency in the trial process c) Protection of witness identities d) Reduction in trial delays Answer: a) Transparency and fairness
18. Miscellaneous Provisions and Recent Developments
Amendments to the CrPC often focus on: a) Enhancing the rights of the accused b) Streamlining trial procedures c) Expediting the investigative process d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
In the context of digital evidence, the CrPC has been interpreted in conjunction with: a) The Information Technology Act b) The Indian Penal Code c) The Evidence Act d) Both a) and c) Answer: d) Both a) and c)
Which of the following best describes the “in-camera” proceedings provision under CrPC? a) A public trial b) A trial held in private, away from the public eye c) A trial where only the judge is present d) A trial recorded by video only Answer: b) A trial held in private, away from the public eye
Recent judicial interpretations of CrPC emphasize: a) The need for speedy trials b) Greater safeguards for vulnerable witnesses c) Modernizing procedural aspects to keep pace with technology d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
The integration of mediation in criminal cases is: a) A well-established procedure under CrPC b) Encouraged in certain cases for resolution, though not explicitly provided under CrPC c) Not allowed under any circumstances d) Only applicable to civil disputes Answer: b) Encouraged in certain cases for resolution, though not explicitly provided under CrPC
19. Recent Case Law and Practical Application
In recent case law, the Supreme Court has held that the delay in producing the accused before a magistrate is: a) Acceptable if justified b) A violation of fundamental rights c) Not relevant to the trial outcome d) A matter for the police only Answer: b) A violation of fundamental rights
The concept of “anticipatory bail” was significantly clarified by the Supreme Court in: a) A landmark decision interpreting Section 438 b) A case concerning Section 437 c) A recent amendment to the CrPC d) A decision related to Section 164 Answer: a) A landmark decision interpreting Section 438
In practice, the charge-sheet filed by the police must be supported by: a) Detailed investigative records b) Witness statements and forensic reports c) Both a) and b) d) Only a summary of the investigation Answer: c) Both a) and b)
The Supreme Court has ruled that any evidence obtained in violation of the prescribed procedure under CrPC is: a) Automatically admissible if corroborated b) Excludable as “inadmissible evidence” c) To be given less weight by the court d) Subject to review by the High Court only Answer: b) Excludable as “inadmissible evidence”
A key takeaway from recent judgments on CrPC is that the procedural safeguards are meant to: a) Protect the rights of the state b) Protect the rights of the individual c) Speed up the investigation irrespective of rights d) Ensure that the victim’s rights are paramount Answer: b) Protect the rights of the individual
20. Comprehensive Review
The CrPC is primarily a procedural statute. This means it: a) Defines offences and punishments b) Outlines the processes for investigation and trial c) Provides the substantive law on criminal conduct d) Focuses on civil matters Answer: b) Outlines the processes for investigation and trial
A fundamental objective of the CrPC is to ensure that: a) The investigation is completed within a fixed period b) Every stage of the criminal process is regulated for fairness c) Only the police have discretionary power d) Trials are held in camera Answer: b) Every stage of the criminal process is regulated for fairness
In terms of legal hierarchy, the CrPC operates alongside the: a) Indian Evidence Act b) Indian Penal Code c) Both a) and b) d) Neither, it is a stand-alone act Answer: c) Both a) and b)
The doctrine of “due process” as applied in CrPC requires that: a) The procedure must be strictly followed regardless of circumstances b) The rights of both the state and the individual are balanced c) Only the state’s interest is considered d) The accused must waive rights to expedite the process Answer: b) The rights of both the state and the individual are balanced
The periodic amendments to the CrPC indicate an evolving legal framework aimed at: a) Strict punishment irrespective of procedure b) Adapting criminal justice to changing societal needs c) Removing judicial oversight from the process d) Centralizing investigative powers exclusively Answer: b) Adapting criminal justice to changing societal needs
